§¬§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ICP Sensor §ã 2010 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ö§ä§Ö§à§â§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ë§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í.
§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Û §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü pH §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ pH §Ó §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ç?
§£§í §ç§à§ä§Ú§ä§Ö §ä§à§é§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§ä§î §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î pH §Ó §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ç? §£§í§Ò§à§â §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§Ñ§Þ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§Ö §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í. §£ §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Þ§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ú§Þ §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §ß§å§Ø§Õ. §°§ä §ä§Ú§á§Ñ §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Õ§à §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß §Ú§Ù§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß, §Þ§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ö§Þ §à§Ò§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó§Ñ§Þ §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.
§´§Ú§á§í pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§à§Ó
§¥§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú pH §Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §ä§Ú§á§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ú. §¯§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ú§á§í §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö, §Ü§à§Þ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§à§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú. §³§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú pH §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§å§ð §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§â§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§ß§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ç§â§å§á§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§ð§ä §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ó§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §¬§à§Þ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú pH §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ñ§ð§ä §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Õ pH §ã §ï§ä§Ñ§Ý§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ó §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ §Ü§à§â§á§å§ã§Ö, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §á§â§à§ã§ä§à§ä§å §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §´§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§à§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú pH, §ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§í §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§í, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Ó §Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ç.
§±§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §á§â§Ö§è§Ú§Ù§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§í§Û pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Þ. §¥§Ý§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §ï§Ü§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ú pH, §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§à§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ù§à§ß§Õ. §£ §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ö, §ä§Ú§á §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ö§ä§î §à§ä §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§ç §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ñ.
§®§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Ú §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à
§®§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§ñ pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ð§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¬ §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Þ, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§Þ§í§Þ §Ó pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ§ç, §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§à, §ï§á§à§Ü§ã§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Þ§à§Ý§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î. §³§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ§í §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í §Ü §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú pH, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û. §¿§á§à§Ü§ã§Ú§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ§í §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§í §Ú §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§í §Ü §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §©§à§ß§Õ§í §Ú§Ù §ß§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§à§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§å§â§à§Ó§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.
§±§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í, §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§ß §Ú§Ù§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß, §Ú §ä§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ß§Ú §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §Ó §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Þ §ß§å§Ø§Ö§ß §Ù§à§ß§Õ, §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í§Û §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§â§å§Ò§à§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó§í§Ò§Ö§â§Ú§ä§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ §Ú§Ù §ï§á§à§Ü§ã§Ú§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§Þ§à§Ý§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§é§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ý§ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ù§à§ß§Õ§å. §±§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §Ó§í §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Þ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ.
§¬§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö
§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Û§Ü§å §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ pH, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, pH 7,0 §Ú§Ý§Ú pH 10,0, §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§à§Ó §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§à§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ö. §²§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ñ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ï§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§â§à§Õ §ã§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§Þ§Ö§ë§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ü §ß§Ö§ä§à§é§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ.
§±§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§â§à§Ü§Ñ §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ. §²§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à §à§é§Ú§ë§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ §Þ§ñ§Ô§Ü§à§Û §ë§Ö§ä§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§Ü§Ñ§ß§î§ð, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ý§ð§Ò§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å. §·§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ §Ó §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §ß§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §³§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§à §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð, §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§î §ã§â§à§Ü §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í §Ú §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ.
§³§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
§±§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Þ§å§ã§ñ §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§í §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §ã §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ò§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ù§à§ß§Õ §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ §ã §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §ä§Ú§á §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ù§à§ß§Õ§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§ì§Ö§Þ§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, BNC §Ú§Ý§Ú RCA, §Ú §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§Ü§ã§Ö§ã§ã§å§Ñ§â§Ñ§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ§å §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð.
§¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§í §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç. §¿§ä§Ú §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö. §µ§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú§ç §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Û. §£§í§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ, §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§í§Û §ã §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§í §á§à§Õ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§í §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ü§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §Ó§Ñ§ê§å §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ.
§¶§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í
§¶§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ñ, §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ. §¬§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ, §á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§í§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ §ã§à §Ó§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Õ§à§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§í §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
§©§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ñ, §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§í§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§è§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §ç§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ä§î §ã§â§à§Ü §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í. §£§í§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §Ù§à§ß§Õ §ã §á§â§à§é§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§â§á§å§ã§à§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Ó§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §Ó §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç. §µ§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ, §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§à§ß§Õ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Ó §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö.
§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö, §Ó§í§Ò§à§â §à§á§ä§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ pH §Ó §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ú§á §Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ, §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ò§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í. §±§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§à§Ó, §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§à§ß§Õ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ pH §Ó §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö.
§£ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó§í§Ò§à§â §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Õ§à§â§à§Ó§î§ñ §Ú §Ò§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í. §¯§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §ä§à§Ô§à, §ß§å§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ý§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §á§â§Ö§è§Ú§Ù§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ, §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Þ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ. §µ§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í, §à§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §Ú §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó §Ù§à§ß§Õ, §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ pH §Ó §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ö. §¥§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Û§ä§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ó§í§Ò§à§â, §Ú §á§å§ã§ä§î §Ó§Ñ§ê pH-§Ù§à§ß§Õ §á§à§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§á§ä§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.