Rika Sensor ¡ª §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ë§Ú§Ü §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í §ã §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ 10-§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Þ §à§á§í§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §Ó §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ú.
§£§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í §Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç
§£§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö
§¥§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ ¡ª §ï§ä§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í, §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §¿§ä§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§ð§ä §ä§à§Ý§ë§Ú§ß§å §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ, §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§Õ§à, §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û. §£ §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ã§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§à§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §º§Ó§Ö§Û§è§Ñ§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §¡§Ý§î§á§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §¡§â§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §ä§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú, §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Õ§í. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §¬§à§Ý§à§â§Ñ§Õ§à §Ó 2021 §Ô§à§Õ§å §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§é§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§í§Þ §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§ß§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ñ, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ.
§¹§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ?
§¥§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§Ý§ë§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ñ. §°§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ§ç, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§â, §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ñ§â §Ú §á§â§ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §²§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§â§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§Ó§à§Ý§ß§í §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§ð§ä §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Ý§ß §à§ä §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §§Ú§Õ§Ñ§â (§Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §ã§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö) §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ö§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Þ§á§å§Ý§î§ã§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ, §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§å§ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Ý§å§é§Ñ §à§ä §ã§ß§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§è. §±§â§ñ§Þ§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú, §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §à§á§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä §Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ§ã§ß§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§Þ§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§Ú§Ü§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ Stokes MS2000 §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§í §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ö§Ô§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§â§ä§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ.
§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í
§¤§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í. §£ §Ô§à§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ã§ß§Ö§Ô §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù§à§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §á§à§ä§Ö§â§Ú §ä§Ö§á§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ú§Þ§à§Û. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §à§ß §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§Ü §Ú §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ü §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ. §£ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §â§Ö§Ü§Ö §¬§à§Ý§à§â§Ñ§Õ§à §Ó 2018 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§í§Þ §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§ß§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ. §¤§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ñ§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§Õ§à, §Ô§Õ§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ß§Ö§Ô §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö §ã§à§Ý§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ, §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ý§à§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í. §£ §¡§â§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§ã§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ü§à§â§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§î§Õ§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ú §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú §¡§â§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú (AMAP) §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í.
§£ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó §Ø§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ö ?Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ü§à§â§â§Ö§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§à§Û §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í. §±§â§à§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ó §Ò§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ö §´§â§Ö§Ø§Ö§â-§¢§Ö§Û§ã§Ú§ß, §ê§ä§Ñ§ä §£§Ñ§Û§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ô, §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §ß§Ñ §ã§â§à§Ü §Õ§à 7 §Õ§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ. §¿§ä§à§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í.
§¬§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã§ß§à§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç
§¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û. §ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§ñ§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§å §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ã §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú, §å§é§Ö§ß§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §à§ä§ã§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§Õ§à §Ú §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§â§å§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§ä §Ó§à§Õ§í. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó §Ø§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ö Environmental Research Letters, §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ó §¡§â§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ 20% §ã §Ü§à§ß§è§Ñ XX §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §é§ä§à §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ú§â§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ö §Ú §à§ã§Ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§è§Ö§ß§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Ó.
§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ö§ß§ã§à§â§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä Multisensor Snow Depth and Albedo (MSD/A), §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¯§¡§³§¡ §Ú §µ§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §À§ä§í, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §Ü§à§Þ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ñ§â§ß§í§ç §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ. §¿§ä§à§ä §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä.
§±§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ
§ª§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ã§à§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§à §ã §â§ñ§Õ§à§Þ §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û. §£ §Ô§à§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ã§ß§Ö§Ô §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§à§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ý§à§ñ§Þ§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á §Ü §ß§Ö§Þ§å. §´§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Þ §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§Ö§â. §¯§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ü §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç. §¥§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ã §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú.
§¥§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ß§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ü§Ö§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §³§º§¡ (NOAA) §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§í§ç §Ú §ã§á§å§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§â§í§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ. §¿§ä§Ñ §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç, §ß§à §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§í.
§±§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ú§ß§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú
§¯§à§Ó§í§Ö §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ä §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ. §¥§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§Ö§ß§ã§à§â§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ§ç, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §å§ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§Ý§à§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§å§ð §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §Ñ§Ý§Ô§à§â§Ú§ä§Þ§à§Ó §Þ§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ò§à§â§í §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Û. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §à §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ã §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ó§Ö§ä§â§Ñ, §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§à§ã§ä§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ç.
§±§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§é§ß§í§ç §Ó§í§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ (ARM) §®§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §³§º§¡ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í §ã§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ã§á§å§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§í§Ö §ã§ß§Ú§Þ§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö. §¿§ä§à§ä §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Ó §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§à§Ó §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ.
§©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö
§¥§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Þ§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §°§ß§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò §Ñ§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§Õ§à, §ã§Ü§à§â§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§í, §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§å§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §±§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Û §ï§ä§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Þ§à§ß§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ß§Ô§Ö §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§ß§à§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û. §ª§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§â§å§ñ §Ó §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ú§ß§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Þ§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ó§í§ã§Ú§ä§î §ä§à§é§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ, §á§â§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§å§ä§î §Ü §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §ª§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Þ§Ö§ä§Ö§à§â§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û, §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ.
§±§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§ñ§ä§î §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§Ú§ß§í §ã§ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ, §Þ§í §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §ã§Þ§ñ§Ô§é§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §ª§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§Û §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ.